1 General 3
2 Terms and Definitions 4
3 Basic Rules 8
3.1 Basic principles of durability design 8
3.2 Category of environmental and division of structure 9
3.3 Durability limit state 12
3.4 Durability Maintenance 13
4 Concrete Structures 14
4.1 General 14
4.2 Type of structures and members 14
4.3 Construction detailing 15
4.4 Constituent materials of concrete 19
4.5 Concrete quality in marine environment 25
4.6 Concrete quality in freshwater environment 29
4.7 Concrete quality in chemical corrosion environment 31
4.8 Durability maintenance requirements 32
5 Additional Anti-Corrosion Measures for Concrete Structures 34
5.1 General 34
5.2 Surface coating 35
5.3 Silane Impregnation 37
5.4 Epoxy Coated Rebar 37
5.5 Rebar Rust Inhibitor 38
5.6 Impressed current cathodic protection 39
5.7 Maintenance Requirements 40
6 Steel Structures 42
6.1 General 42
6.2 Structural types and detailing 44
6.3 Coating of steel structures in marine environment 45
6.4 Thermal spraying of metallic coats on steel structures in marine environment 48
6.5 Steel structures wrapped with organic composite layer in marine environment 49
6.6 Cathodic protectionof steel structures inmarine environment 52
6.7 Anti-corrosionof steel structures in freshwater environment 55
6.8 Maintenance Requirements 59
Annex A Inspection and Test Methods for Silica Fume 61
Annex B Electric Flux Test Methods for Resistance of Concrete to Chloride Ion Penetration 64
Annex C Electromigration Test Method for Diffusion Coefficient of Resistance of Concrete to Chloride Ion Penetration 67
Annex D Checking of Design Service Life Concrete Structures in Marine Environment 72
D.1 General 72
D.2 Initial stage of steel bar corrosion 72
D.3 Corrosive expansion cracking of concrete covers 75
Annex E Rapid Test Method for Cementitious Material against Sulfate Corrosion 76
Annex F Methods for Testing of Concrete Coating 78
F.1 Alkali-resistance Test 78
F.2 Test for resistance to chloride ion penetration 79
F.3 Test for adhesion strength 80
F.4 Inspection for appearance quality of coatings 82
Annex G Test Method for Performance of Silane Materials 83
G.1 Testing of silane component gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 83
G.2 Testing of silane content - Gas Chromatography 84
G.3 Testing of silicone content - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry 85
G.4 Testing of chloride content - ion chromatography 86
Annex H Test Method for Silane Immersion of Concrete 88
H.1 Fabrication of specimens 88
H.2 Water absorption Test 88
H.3 Test for immersion depth - method of dye indicator 89
H.4 Test for immersion depth- Thermal decomposition gas chromatography 90
H.5 Test for reduction of chloride absorption 91
Annex J Test Methods for Anti-corrosion Performance of Rust Inhibitor for Reinforcement 93
J.1 Anti-corrosion performance test of rust inhibitor of steel bars in saline solution 93
J.2 Test of comprehensive electro-chemical anti-corrosion performance of rust inhibitor of steel bars 94
J.3 Test of anti-corrosion performance of rust inhibitor of steel bars in salt wet-dry environment 96
Annex K Design of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System of Concrete 99
Annex L Design and Calculation of Cathodic Protection with Sacrificial Anodes for Steel Structures 102
Annex M Calculation of Anode Shield 105
Annex N Design of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System for Steel Structures 106
Annex P Explanation of Words and Expressions 109
References 110
Additional Notes 112